Liver Disease and Abdominal Fluid Buildup

Liver is one of the biggest organs in human body, serves as detox center. Most of the toxin, comes in our body through food into our bowels. But only way for food through our organism is blood and circulation, but we sure don't want all of the toxins into our blood. 

So food from cavity of bowels gets into blood vessels ant through them, all of the food goes to the liver for detoxification. Because of that function of our liver, large % of our circulating blood is in livers. 

When one have liver disease, most of the liver functions is compromised, and as a result of that, we have disorder in circulating system.

Netter’s Atlas of human Anatomy

So, how disorder in circulating system can lead to fluid buildup in abdomen - ASCITES?

There are 2 main factors. 
1. "Portal hypertension" -  Main blood vessel that connect liver with bowels is called Hepatic Portal Vein. Sometimes in liver disease, Portal vein can be obstructed, and pressure inside it, will grow and push blood fluid outside Portal vein (imagine it like water leaking from garden whose that you twist).

https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-video-footage-water-leaking-hole-hose-flat-video65015258

2. Albumin deficit: In human blood we have protein called Albumin ( Latin: albumen "(egg) white; dried egg white"), and one of the liver functions is albumin production, and function of albumin in blood is to keep water inside (it "hugs" water molecules by generating pressure called colloid osmotic pressure). So, in liver disease, there are less albumin in circulation, so less water will stay inside blood vessel. 

In addition to this factors, there are some more like, paradoxically, activation of compensatory mechanism inside kidneys that will keep more fluid inside our body (we will pee less). 

Additional factor is obstruction in lymphatic vessels (lymph is formed from so called "interstitial fluid" - between cells). In that case, we could see liver "sweating").